(For the children being not yet born, neither having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works, but of him that calleth;)
Parallel translations
- WEB For being not yet born, neither having done anything good or bad, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works, but of him who calls,
- BSB Yet before the twins were born or had done anything good or bad, in order that God’s plan of election might stand,
- ESV though they were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God’s purpose of election might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—
- NKJV (for the children not yet being born, nor having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works but of Him who calls),
- NASB for though the twins were not yet born and had not done anything good or bad, so that God’s purpose according to His choice would stand, not because of works but because of Him who calls,
- NLT But before they were born, before they had done anything good or bad, she received a message from God. (This message shows that God chooses people according to his own purposes;
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Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org
Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
Quick answer
God chose between Jacob and Esau before they were born or had done anything good or bad, so that election would rest on his purpose and call, not on works. Salvation flows from God's sovereign grace, not human merit.
Overview
Paul makes the point explicit: God's choice was announced before the twins were born and before they had acted, ruling out any basis in their conduct. The aim was that God's purpose according to election might stand, grounded in him who calls rather than in works. This is a cornerstone text for understanding that God's saving choice is gracious and unconditioned by human merit, while faithful Christians continue to discuss how this electing purpose relates to individuals and nations.
Cross-references & the web
Cross-references · 22
- 2 Tim 1:9Who hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began,
- Eph 1:4–5According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love:
- 2 Pet 1:10Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never fall:
- Rom 8:28–30And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose.
- Eph 1:9–11Having made known unto us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure which he hath purposed in himself:
- Titus 3:5Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost;
- Isa 14:24The LORD of hosts hath sworn, saying, Surely as I have thought, so shall it come to pass; and as I have purposed, so shall it stand:
- Rom 11:5–7Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
- 1 Pet 5:10But the God of all grace, who hath called us unto his eternal glory by Christ Jesus, after that ye have suffered a while, make you perfect, stablish, strengthen, settle you.
- 2 Th 2:13–14But we are bound to give thanks alway to God for you, brethren beloved of the Lord, because God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth:
- Rev 17:14These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful.
- Rom 4:17(As it is written, I have made thee a father of many nations,) before him whom he believed, even God, who quickeneth the dead, and calleth those things which be not as though they were.
- Isa 46:10–11Declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times the things that are not yet done, saying, My counsel shall stand, and I will do all my pleasure:
- Ps 51:5Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me.
- Isa 14:26–27This is the purpose that is purposed upon the whole earth: and this is the hand that is stretched out upon all the nations.
- Eph 2:9Not of works, lest any man should boast.
- 1 Th 1:4Knowing, brethren beloved, your election of God.
- Isa 23:9The LORD of hosts hath purposed it, to stain the pride of all glory, and to bring into contempt all the honourable of the earth.
- Eph 2:3Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others.
- Eph 3:11According to the eternal purpose which he purposed in Christ Jesus our Lord:
- 1 Th 2:12That ye would walk worthy of God, who hath called you unto his kingdom and glory.
- Jer 51:29And the land shall tremble and sorrow: for every purpose of the LORD shall be performed against Babylon, to make the land of Babylon a desolation without an inhabitant.
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Christ at the center
Paul unfolds the gospel in full: Christ our righteousness received by faith, the second Adam in whom many are made righteous, in whose death and resurrection we are buried and raised.
How Romans 9:11 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.
Original language
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