For God made Christ, who never sinned, to be the offering for our sin, so that we could be made right with God through Christ.
Parallel translations
- WEB For him who knew no sin he made to be sin on our behalf; so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
- KJV For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.
- BSB God made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.
- NKJV For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
- NASB He made Him who knew no sin to be sin in our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org
Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
Quick answer
God made the sinless Christ to bear sin for us, so that in Him we receive God's righteousness. This is the great exchange at the heart of the gospel.
Overview
This rich verse expresses the doctrine of substitution and imputation: the sinless Christ was treated as sin in our place, bearing its penalty, so that believers receive a righteousness that is God's own, credited to them in Christ. Many in the Reformed tradition see here the imputation of Christ's righteousness. It is one of the clearest statements of how the cross saves.
Cross-references & the web
Cross-references · 27
- 1 Pet 2:22–24who did not sin, “neither was deceit found in his mouth.”
- 1 Pet 3:18Because Christ also suffered for sins once, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring you to God; being put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit;
- Rom 5:19For as through the one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the one, many will be made righteous.
- Gal 3:13Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us. For it is written, “Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree,”
- 1 Cor 1:30Because of him, you are in Christ Jesus, who was made to us wisdom from God, and righteousness and sanctification, and redemption:
- 1 Jn 3:5You know that he was revealed to take away our sins, and in him is no sin.
- Phil 3:9and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own, that which is of the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith;
- Isa 53:4–6Surely he has borne our sickness, and carried our suffering; yet we considered him plagued, struck by God, and afflicted.
- 2 Cor 5:17Therefore if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old things have passed away. Behold, all things have become new.
- Rom 10:3–4For being ignorant of God’s righteousness, and seeking to establish their own righteousness, they didn’t subject themselves to the righteousness of God.
- Heb 4:15For we don’t have a high priest who can’t be touched with the feeling of our infirmities, but one who has been in all points tempted like we are, yet without sin.
- Rom 4:25who was delivered up for our trespasses, and was raised for our justification.
- Rom 8:1–4There is therefore now no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus, who don’t walk according to the flesh, but according to the Spirit.
- Rom 3:21–26But now apart from the law, a righteousness of God has been revealed, being testified by the law and the prophets;
- Rom 1:17For in it is revealed God’s righteousness from faith to faith. As it is written, “But the righteous shall live by faith.”
- Eph 5:2Walk in love, even as Christ also loved you, and gave himself up for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweet-smelling fragrance.
- 1 Jn 2:1–2My little children, I write these things to you so that you may not sin. If anyone sins, we have a Counselor with the Father, Jesus Christ, the righteous.
- Isa 53:9–12They made his grave with the wicked, and with a rich man in his death; although he had done no violence, nor was any deceit in his mouth.
- Jer 33:16In those days Judah will be saved, and Jerusalem will dwell safely; and this is the name by which she shall be called: Yahweh our righteousness.”
- Heb 7:26For such a high priest was fitting for us: holy, guiltless, undefiled, separated from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;
- Isa 45:24–25They will say of me, ‘There is righteousness and strength only in Yahweh.’” Even to him shall men come; and all those who raged against him shall be disappointed.
- Acts 3:14But you denied the Holy and Righteous One, and asked for a murderer to be granted to you,
- Dan 9:24Seventy weeks are decreed on your people and on your holy city, to finish disobedience, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy.
- Dan 9:26After the sixty-two weeks the Anointed One shall be cut off, and shall have nothing: and the people of the prince who shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and its end shall be with a flood, and even to the end shall be war; desolations are determined.
- Zech 13:7“Awake, sword, against my shepherd, and against the man who is close to me,” says Yahweh of Armies. “Strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered; and I will turn my hand against the little ones.
- Luke 1:35The angel answered her, “The Holy Spirit will come on you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you. Therefore also the holy one who is born from you will be called the Son of God.
- Jer 23:26How long shall this be in the heart of the prophets who prophesy lies, even the prophets of the deceit of their own heart?
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Christ at the center
In Christ all God's promises are 'Yes and Amen'; though rich, he became poor to make us rich, and in him God reconciles the world, making us new creations.
How 2 Corinthians 5:21 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.
Original language
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