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2 Corinthians 5:21

For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.
2 Corinthians 5:21 · King James Version
Parallel translations
  • WEB For him who knew no sin he made to be sin on our behalf; so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
  • BSB God made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.
  • NKJV For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
  • NASB He made Him who knew no sin to be sin in our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
  • NLT For God made Christ, who never sinned, to be the offering for our sin, so that we could be made right with God through Christ.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

God made the sinless Christ to bear sin for us, so that in Him we receive God's righteousness. This is the great exchange at the heart of the gospel.

Overview

This rich verse expresses the doctrine of substitution and imputation: the sinless Christ was treated as sin in our place, bearing its penalty, so that believers receive a righteousness that is God's own, credited to them in Christ. Many in the Reformed tradition see here the imputation of Christ's righteousness. It is one of the clearest statements of how the cross saves.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 27

  • 1 Pet 2:22–24Who did no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth:
  • 1 Pet 3:18For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit:
  • Rom 5:19For as by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.
  • Gal 3:13Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:
  • 1 Cor 1:30But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption:
  • 1 Jn 3:5And ye know that he was manifested to take away our sins; and in him is no sin.
  • Phil 3:9And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith:
  • Isa 53:4–6Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted.
  • 2 Cor 5:17Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new.
  • Rom 10:3–4For they being ignorant of God’s righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God.
  • Heb 4:15For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin.
  • Rom 4:25Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.
  • Rom 8:1–4There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.
  • Rom 3:21–26But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets;
  • Rom 1:17For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith.
  • Eph 5:2And walk in love, as Christ also hath loved us, and hath given himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweetsmelling savour.
  • 1 Jn 2:1–2My little children, these things write I unto you, that ye sin not. And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous:
  • Isa 53:9–12And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth.
  • Jer 33:16In those days shall Judah be saved, and Jerusalem shall dwell safely: and this is the name wherewith she shall be called, The LORD our righteousness.
  • Heb 7:26For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;
  • Isa 45:24–25Surely, shall one say, in the LORD have I righteousness and strength: even to him shall men come; and all that are incensed against him shall be ashamed.
  • Acts 3:14But ye denied the Holy One and the Just, and desired a murderer to be granted unto you;
  • Dan 9:24Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.
  • Dan 9:26And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.
  • Zech 13:7Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the LORD of hosts: smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered: and I will turn mine hand upon the little ones.
  • Luke 1:35And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.
  • Jer 23:26How long shall this be in the heart of the prophets that prophesy lies? yea, they are prophets of the deceit of their own heart;

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Commentaries & study tools

Christ at the center

In Christ all God's promises are 'Yes and Amen'; though rich, he became poor to make us rich, and in him God reconciles the world, making us new creations.

How 2 Corinthians 5:21 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Greek word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.