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God layeth up his iniquity for his children: he rewardeth him, and he shall know it.
Job 21:19 · King James Version
Parallel translations
  • WEB You say, ‘God lays up his iniquity for his children.’ Let him recompense it to himself, that he may know it.
  • BSB It is said that God lays up one’s punishment for his children. Let God repay the man himself, so he will know it.
  • NKJV They say, ‘God lays up one’s iniquity for his children’; Let Him recompense him, that he may know it.
  • NASB “You say, ‘God saves up a person’s wrongdoing for his sons.’ Let God repay him so that he may know it.
  • NLT “‘Well,’ you say, ‘at least God will punish their children!’ But I say he should punish the ones who sin, so that they understand his judgment.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

Job answers the saying that God stores up a man's guilt to punish his children, insisting instead that the sinner himself should be repaid so he knows it. Justice should fall on the guilty person, not merely his heirs.

Overview

Job confronts the idea that punishment deferred to one's descendants satisfies justice. He argues the wrongdoer himself ought to feel the consequence and recognize it. While Scripture speaks of sin's effects across generations (Ex 20:5), Job's concern for personal accountability is affirmed in Ezekiel 18 and ultimately in the gospel, where each must answer to God.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 22

  • Exod 20:5Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;
  • Ezek 18:19–20Yet say ye, Why? doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father? When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all my statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live.
  • Isa 53:4–6Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted.
  • Jer 31:29In those days they shall say no more, The fathers have eaten a sour grape, and the children’s teeth are set on edge.
  • Isa 14:21Prepare slaughter for his children for the iniquity of their fathers; that they do not rise, nor possess the land, nor fill the face of the world with cities.
  • Ezek 18:2What mean ye, that ye use this proverb concerning the land of Israel, saying, The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are set on edge?
  • Rev 18:6Reward her even as she rewarded you, and double unto her double according to her works: in the cup which she hath filled fill to her double.
  • Ps 54:5He shall reward evil unto mine enemies: cut them off in thy truth.
  • Ps 109:9–31Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow.
  • 2 Tim 4:14Alexander the coppersmith did me much evil: the Lord reward him according to his works:
  • Rom 2:5But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;
  • 2 Cor 5:21For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.
  • Matt 23:31–35Wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye are the children of them which killed the prophets.
  • Deut 32:34Is not this laid up in store with me, and sealed up among my treasures?
  • Ezek 18:14Now, lo, if he beget a son, that seeth all his father’s sins which he hath done, and considereth, and doeth not such like,
  • Matt 16:27For the Son of man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels; and then he shall reward every man according to his works.
  • Matt 6:19–20Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt, and where thieves break through and steal:
  • Job 22:24Then shalt thou lay up gold as dust, and the gold of Ophir as the stones of the brooks.
  • Deut 32:41If I whet my glittering sword, and mine hand take hold on judgment; I will render vengeance to mine enemies, and will reward them that hate me.
  • 2 Sam 3:39And I am this day weak, though anointed king; and these men the sons of Zeruiah be too hard for me: the LORD shall reward the doer of evil according to his wickedness.
  • Mal 3:18Then shall ye return, and discern between the righteous and the wicked, between him that serveth God and him that serveth him not.
  • Gen 4:7If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him.

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (3)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — Job videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on Job 21:19YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on JobMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

Job's cry for a mediator who can lay his hand on both God and man, and his confidence that 'my Redeemer lives' and will stand on the earth, reaches forward to Jesus the living Redeemer.

How Job 21:19 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Hebrew word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.