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For he has oppressed and forsaken the poor, He has violently seized a house which he did not build.
Job 20:19 · New King James Version
Parallel translations
  • WEB For he has oppressed and forsaken the poor. He has violently taken away a house, and he shall not build it up.
  • KJV Because he hath oppressed and hath forsaken the poor; because he hath violently taken away an house which he builded not;
  • BSB For he has oppressed and forsaken the poor; he has seized houses he did not build.
  • NASB “For he has oppressed and neglected the poor; He has seized a house which he has not built.
  • NLT For they oppressed the poor and left them destitute. They foreclosed on their homes.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

Zophar charges the wicked man with crushing and abandoning the poor and seizing houses he did not build. Oppression of the weak is named as his crime.

Overview

Here Zophar specifies the wicked man's sin: he has exploited the poor and stolen the property of others. Such injustice against the vulnerable is precisely the kind of evil Scripture most sternly condemns (Amos 5:11). Ironically, Job was known for defending the poor, so the charge misses him entirely, yet the verse rightly affirms God's care for the oppressed, a care embodied in Christ.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 25

  • Job 35:9“By reason of the multitude of oppressions they cry out. They cry for help by reason of the arm of the mighty.
  • Prov 14:31He who oppresses the poor shows contempt for his Maker, but he who is kind to the needy honors him.
  • Jas 2:6But you have dishonored the poor man. Don’t the rich oppress you, and personally drag you before the courts?
  • Ezek 22:29The people of the land have used oppression, and exercised robbery. Yes, they have troubled the poor and needy, and have oppressed the foreigner wrongfully.
  • Jas 5:4Behold, the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you have kept back by fraud, cry out, and the cries of those who reaped have entered into the ears of the Lord of Armies.
  • Prov 22:22–23Don’t exploit the poor, because he is poor; and don’t crush the needy in court;
  • Jas 2:13For judgment is without mercy to him who has shown no mercy. Mercy triumphs over judgment.
  • Eccl 4:1Then I returned and saw all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold, the tears of those who were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter.
  • Job 18:15There shall dwell in his tent that which is none of his. Sulfur shall be scattered on his habitation.
  • 1 Sam 12:3–4Here I am. Witness against me before Yahweh, and before his anointed. Whose ox have I taken? Whose donkey have I taken? Whom have I defrauded? Whom have I oppressed? Of whose hand have I taken a ransom to make me blind my eyes? I will restore it to you.”
  • Eccl 5:8If you see the oppression of the poor, and the violent taking away of justice and righteousness in a district, don’t marvel at the matter: for one official is eyed by a higher one; and there are officials over them.
  • Ps 10:18to judge the fatherless and the oppressed, that man who is of the earth may terrify no more.
  • Job 24:2–12There are people who remove the landmarks. They violently take away flocks, and feed them.
  • Mic 2:2They covet fields, and seize them; and houses, and take them away: and they oppress a man and his house, even a man and his heritage.
  • Job 31:38–39If my land cries out against me, and its furrows weep together;
  • 1 Kgs 21:19You shall speak to him, saying, ‘Yahweh says, “Have you killed and also taken possession?”’ You shall speak to him, saying, ‘Yahweh says, “In the place where dogs licked the blood of Naboth, dogs will lick your blood, even yours.”’”
  • Deut 28:33A nation which you don’t know eat the fruit of your ground and all of your work. You will only be oppressed and crushed always;
  • Job 31:13–22“If I have despised the cause of my male servant or of my female servant, when they contended with me;
  • Lam 3:34To crush under foot all the prisoners of the earth,
  • Isa 5:7–8For the vineyard of Yahweh of Armies is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but, behold, oppression; for righteousness, but, behold, a cry of distress.
  • Job 22:6For you have taken pledges from your brother for nothing, and stripped the naked of their clothing.
  • Mic 2:9You drive the women of my people out from their pleasant houses; from their young children you take away my blessing forever.
  • Job 21:27–28“Behold, I know your thoughts, the devices with which you would wrong me.
  • Ps 12:5“Because of the oppression of the weak and because of the groaning of the needy, I will now arise,” says Yahweh; “I will set him in safety from those who malign him.”
  • Amos 4:1–3Listen to this word, you cows of Bashan, who are on the mountain of Samaria, who oppress the poor, who crush the needy, who tell their husbands, “Bring us drinks!”

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (4)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — Job videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on Job 20:19YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on JobMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

Job's cry for a mediator who can lay his hand on both God and man, and his confidence that 'my Redeemer lives' and will stand on the earth, reaches forward to Jesus the living Redeemer.

How Job 20:19 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Hebrew word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.