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Why then was the law given? It was added because of transgressions, until the arrival of the seed to whom the promise referred. It was administered through angels by a mediator.
Galatians 3:19 · Berean Standard Bible
Parallel translations
  • WEB What then is the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the offspring should come to whom the promise has been made. It was ordained through angels by the hand of a mediator.
  • KJV Wherefore then serveth the law? It was added because of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the promise was made; and it was ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator.
  • NKJV What purpose then does the law serve? It was added because of transgressions, till the Seed should come to whom the promise was made; and it was appointed through angels by the hand of a mediator.
  • NASB Why the Law then? It was added on account of the violations, having been ordered through angels at the hand of a mediator, until the Seed would come to whom the promise had been made.
  • NLT Why, then, was the law given? It was given alongside the promise to show people their sins. But the law was designed to last only until the coming of the child who was promised. God gave his law through angels to Moses, who was the mediator between God and the people.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

The law was added because of transgressions, until the promised offspring should come. It served a temporary, subordinate purpose.

Overview

Paul explains the law's true role: it was given to expose and restrain sin until Christ, the promised offspring, arrived. Far from being the means of salvation, it had a limited, preparatory function. Its mediation 'through angels' and a mediator suggests its lesser status compared to the direct promise to Abraham.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 31

  • Acts 7:53you who received the law ordained by angels, yet have not kept it.”
  • Rom 7:7–13What then shall we say? Is the law sin? Certainly not! Indeed, I would not have been mindful of sin if not for the law. For I would not have been aware of coveting if the law had not said, “Do not covet.”
  • Heb 2:2For if the message spoken by angels was binding, and every transgression and disobedience received its just punishment,
  • Gal 3:16The promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. The Scripture does not say, “and to seeds,” meaning many, but “and to your seed,” meaning One, who is Christ.
  • 1 Tim 1:8–9Now we know that the law is good, if one uses it legitimately.
  • Rom 5:20–21The law came in so that the trespass would increase; but where sin increased, grace increased all the more,
  • Rom 4:15because the law brings wrath. And where there is no law, there is no transgression.
  • Rom 3:19–20Now we know that whatever the law says, it says to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be silenced and the whole world held accountable to God.
  • Rom 2:13For it is not the hearers of the law who are righteous before God, but it is the doers of the law who will be declared righteous.
  • John 15:22If I had not come and spoken to them, they would not be guilty of sin. Now, however, they have no excuse for their sin.
  • Deut 5:5At that time I was standing between the LORD and you to declare to you the word of the LORD, because you were afraid of the fire and would not go up the mountain. And He said:
  • Acts 7:38He was in the assembly in the wilderness with the angel who spoke to him on Mount Sinai, and with our fathers. And he received living words to pass on to us.
  • Rom 3:1–2What, then, is the advantage of being a Jew? Or what is the value of circumcision?
  • Deut 33:2He said: “The LORD came from Sinai and dawned upon us from Seir; He shone forth from Mount Paran and came with myriads of holy ones, with flaming fire at His right hand.
  • John 1:17For the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.
  • Deut 9:13–20The LORD also said to me, “I have seen this people, and they are indeed a stiff-necked people.
  • Exod 24:1–12Then the LORD said to Moses, “Come up to the LORD—you and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and seventy of Israel’s elders—and you are to worship at a distance.
  • John 5:45–47Do not think that I will accuse you before the Father. Your accuser is Moses, in whom you have put your hope.
  • Lev 15:32This is the law of him who has a discharge, of the man who has an emission of semen whereby he is unclean,
  • Deut 4:8–9And what nation is great enough to have righteous statutes and ordinances like this entire law I set before you today?
  • Luke 16:31Then Abraham said to him, ‘If they do not listen to Moses and the prophets, they will not be persuaded even if someone rises from the dead.’”
  • Deut 9:25–29So I fell down before the LORD for forty days and forty nights, because the LORD had said He would destroy you.
  • Exod 20:19–22“Speak to us yourself and we will listen,” they said to Moses. “But do not let God speak to us, or we will die.”
  • Deut 5:22–33The LORD spoke these commandments in a loud voice to your whole assembly out of the fire, the cloud, and the deep darkness on the mountain; He added nothing more. And He wrote them on two tablets of stone and gave them to me.
  • Ps 106:23So He said He would destroy them—had not Moses His chosen one stood before Him in the breach to divert His wrath from destroying them.
  • Heb 2:5For it is not to angels that He has subjected the world to come, about which we are speaking.
  • Gal 4:1–4What I am saying is that as long as the heir is a child, he is no different from a slave, although he is the owner of everything.
  • Gal 3:21–25Is the law, then, opposed to the promises of God? Certainly not! For if a law had been given that could impart life, then righteousness would certainly have come from the law.
  • Deut 18:15–19The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to him.
  • Exod 34:27–35The LORD also said to Moses, “Write down these words, for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.”
  • Ps 147:19–20He declares His word to Jacob, His statutes and judgments to Israel.

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (5)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — Galatians videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on Galatians 3:19YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on GalatiansMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

Christ became a curse for us to redeem us from the law's curse, that we might receive the Spirit and be sons — justified by faith in him, not by works.

How Galatians 3:19 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Greek word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.