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“Arise, go to Nineveh, the great city, and cry out against it, because their wickedness has come up before Me.”
Jonah 1:2 · New American Standard Bible
Parallel translations
  • WEB “Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and preach against it, for their wickedness has come up before me.”
  • KJV Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me.
  • BSB “Get up! Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before Me.”
  • NKJV “Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry out against it; for their wickedness has come up before Me.”
  • NLT “Get up and go to the great city of Nineveh. Announce my judgment against it because I have seen how wicked its people are.”

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

God commands Jonah to preach against Nineveh because its wickedness has reached His attention. It matters because God holds even pagan nations accountable and yet sends a warning rather than immediate judgment.

Overview

Nineveh was the great capital of Assyria, Israel's cruel and feared enemy, so this commission was deeply offensive to a patriotic Hebrew prophet. That God notices Nineveh's sin and sends a preacher shows His sovereignty over all peoples and His desire that the wicked turn and live (Ezekiel 18:23). The mission anticipates the gospel going to the nations, for in Christ God calls all peoples to repentance.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 17

  • Gen 18:20–21Yahweh said, “Because the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very grievous,
  • Gen 10:11Out of that land he went into Assyria, and built Nineveh, Rehoboth Ir, Calah,
  • Isa 58:1“Cry aloud, don’t spare. Lift up your voice like a trumpet. Declare to my people their disobedience, and to the house of Jacob their sins.
  • Nah 1:1A revelation about Nineveh. The book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite.
  • Jonah 4:11Shouldn’t I be concerned for Nineveh, that great city, in which are more than one hundred twenty thousand persons who can’t discern between their right hand and their left hand; and also much livestock?”
  • Zeph 2:13–15He will stretch out his hand against the north, destroy Assyria, and will make Nineveh a desolation, as dry as the wilderness.
  • Jonah 3:2“Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and preach to it the message that I give you.”
  • Jer 1:7–10But Yahweh said to me, “Don’t say, ‘I am a child;’ for you must go to whomever I send you, and you must say whatever I command you.
  • Ezek 3:5–9For you are not sent to a people of a strange speech and of a hard language, but to the house of Israel;
  • Rev 18:5for her sins have reached to the sky, and God has remembered her iniquities.
  • 2 Kgs 19:36So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed, and went and returned, and lived at Nineveh.
  • Ezek 2:7You shall speak my words to them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear; for they are most rebellious.
  • Ezra 9:6and I said, “My God, I am ashamed and blush to lift up my face to you, my God; for our iniquities have increased over our head, and our guiltiness has grown up to the heavens.
  • Mic 3:8But as for me, I am full of power by Yahweh’s Spirit, and of judgment, and of might, to declare to Jacob his disobedience, and to Israel his sin.
  • Jas 5:4Behold, the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you have kept back by fraud, cry out, and the cries of those who reaped have entered into the ears of the Lord of Armies.
  • Matt 10:18Yes, and you will be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony to them and to the nations.
  • Nah 2:1–3He who dashes in pieces has come up against you. Keep the fortress! Watch the way! Strengthen your waist! Fortify your power mightily!

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (2)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — Jonah videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on Jonah 1:2YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on JonahMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

Three days in the belly of the fish is the sign Jesus gave of his own death and resurrection (Matt 12:40); and God's mercy on pagan Nineveh foreshadows the gospel going to the nations.

How Jonah 1:2 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Hebrew word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.