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Caiaphas did not say this on his own. Instead, as high priest that year, he was prophesying that Jesus would die for the nation,
John 11:51 · Berean Standard Bible
Parallel translations
  • WEB Now he didn’t say this of himself, but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation,
  • KJV And this spake he not of himself: but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus should die for that nation;
  • NKJV Now this he did not say on his own authority; but being high priest that year he prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation,
  • NASB Now he did not say this on his own, but as he was high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus was going to die for the nation;
  • NLT He did not say this on his own; as high priest at that time he was led to prophesy that Jesus would die for the entire nation.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

John explains that Caiaphas unknowingly prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation. God spoke truth even through an unbelieving high priest.

Overview

John interprets Caiaphas's statement as an unintended prophecy by virtue of his office. The high priest's words point to the atoning death of Jesus for Israel. This reveals God's sovereign overruling of human speech to declare the saving purpose accomplished at the cross.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 20

  • Dan 9:26Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and will have nothing. Then the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. The end will come like a flood, and until the end there will be war; desolations have been decreed.
  • 2 Cor 5:21God made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.
  • Gal 4:4–5But when the time had fully come, God sent His Son, born of a woman, born under the law,
  • Matt 20:28just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many.”
  • 1 Sam 23:9When David learned that Saul was plotting evil against him, he said to Abiathar the priest, “Bring the ephod.”
  • Exod 28:30And place the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece of judgment, so that they will also be over Aaron’s heart whenever he comes before the LORD. Aaron will continually carry the judgment of the sons of Israel over his heart before the LORD.
  • John 10:15just as the Father knows Me and I know the Father. And I lay down My life for the sheep.
  • Num 22:28Then the LORD opened the donkey’s mouth, and she said to Balaam, “What have I done to you that you have beaten me these three times?”
  • Gal 3:13Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us. For it is written: “Cursed is everyone who is hung on a tree.”
  • Num 24:14–25Now I am going back to my people, but come, let me warn you what this people will do to your people in the days to come.”
  • 1 Sam 28:6He inquired of the LORD, but the LORD did not answer him by dreams or Urim or prophets.
  • Rom 3:25–26God presented Him as the atoning sacrifice through faith in His blood, in order to demonstrate His righteousness, because in His forbearance He had passed over the sins committed beforehand.
  • Num 24:2When Balaam looked up and saw Israel encamped tribe by tribe, the Spirit of God came upon him,
  • Judg 20:27–28And the Israelites inquired of the LORD. (In those days the ark of the covenant of God was there,
  • Isa 53:5–8But He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed.
  • Matt 7:22–23Many will say to Me on that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in Your name, and in Your name drive out demons and perform many miracles?’
  • 1 Cor 13:2If I have the gift of prophecy and can fathom all mysteries and all knowledge, and if I have absolute faith so as to move mountains, but have not love, I am nothing.
  • 1 Pet 3:18For Christ also suffered for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God. He was put to death in the body but made alive in the Spirit,
  • 1 Pet 2:24He Himself bore our sins in His body on the tree, so that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. “By His stripes you are healed.”
  • 2 Pet 2:15–17They have left the straight way and wandered off to follow the way of Balaam son of Beor, who loved the wages of wickedness.

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (4)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — John videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on John 11:51YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on JohnMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

John declares him plainly: the eternal Word made flesh, the Lamb of God, the great 'I AM' — bread, light, door, shepherd, way, truth, life, resurrection — that you may believe and have life in his name.

How John 11:51 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Greek word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.