How the faithful city has become a harlot! It was full of justice; Righteousness lodged in it, But now murderers.
Parallel translations
- WEB How the faithful city has become a prostitute! She was full of justice; righteousness lodged in her, but now murderers.
- KJV How is the faithful city become an harlot! it was full of judgment; righteousness lodged in it; but now murderers.
- BSB See how the faithful city has become a harlot! She once was full of justice; righteousness resided within her, but now only murderers!
- NASB ¶How the faithful city has become a prostitute, She who was full of justice! Righteousness once dwelt in her, But now murderers.
- NLT See how Jerusalem, once so faithful, has become a prostitute. Once the home of justice and righteousness, she is now filled with murderers.
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org
Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
Quick answer
Isaiah laments that the once-faithful city has become like a prostitute, exchanging justice for murder. It mourns Jerusalem's tragic moral collapse.
Overview
Spiritual unfaithfulness is often pictured as harlotry, betraying covenant loyalty to God. The city that once housed righteousness now harbors violence and corruption. This decline magnifies the need for the redemption that will one day restore Zion to faithfulness (v. 26).
Cross-references & the web
Cross-references · 23
- Zech 8:3Yahweh says: “I have returned to Zion, and will dwell in the middle of Jerusalem. Jerusalem shall be called ‘The City of Truth;’ and the mountain of Yahweh of Armies, ‘The Holy Mountain.’”
- Ezek 22:1–23Moreover Yahweh’s word came to me, saying,
- Zeph 3:1–3Woe to her who is rebellious and polluted, the oppressing city!
- Acts 7:52Which of the prophets didn’t your fathers persecute? They killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One, of whom you have now become betrayers and murderers.
- Lam 1:8–9Jerusalem has grievously sinned; therefore she has become as an unclean thing; all who honored her despise her, because they have seen her nakedness: yes, she sighs, and turns backward.
- Heb 12:22But you have come to Mount Zion, and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable multitudes of angels,
- Ps 46:4There is a river, the streams of which make the city of God glad, the holy place of the tents of the Most High.
- Isa 5:7For the vineyard of Yahweh of Armies is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but, behold, oppression; for righteousness, but, behold, a cry of distress.
- Isa 48:2(for they call themselves citizens of the holy city, and rely on the God of Israel; Yahweh of Armies is his name):
- Jer 3:1“They say, ‘If a man puts away his wife, and she goes from him, and becomes another man’s, should he return to her again?’ Wouldn’t that land be greatly polluted? But you have played the prostitute with many lovers; yet return again to me,” says Yahweh.
- Mic 3:2–3You who hate the good, and love the evil; who tear off their skin, and their flesh from off their bones;
- Neh 11:1The princes of the people lived in Jerusalem. The rest of the people also cast lots, to bring one of ten to dwell in Jerusalem the holy city, and nine parts in the other cities.
- Isa 57:3–9“But draw near here, you sons of a sorceress, you offspring of adulterers and prostitutes.
- 2 Chr 19:9He commanded them, saying, “You shall do this in the fear of Yahweh, faithfully, and with a perfect heart.
- Ezek 16:1–63Again Yahweh’s word came to me, saying,
- Ps 48:1A Song. A Psalm by the sons of Korah. Great is Yahweh, and greatly to be praised, in the city of our God, in his holy mountain.
- Rev 11:2Leave out the court which is outside of the temple, and don’t measure it, for it has been given to the nations. They will tread the holy city under foot for forty-two months.
- Hos 11:12Ephraim surrounds me with falsehood, and the house of Israel with deceit. Judah still strays from God, and is unfaithful to the Holy One.
- Jer 2:20–21“For long ago I broke off your yoke, and burst your bonds. You said, ‘I will not serve;’ for on every high hill and under every green tree you bowed yourself, playing the prostitute.
- 2 Sam 8:15David reigned over all Israel; and David executed justice and righteousness for all his people.
- Rev 11:8Their dead bodies will be in the street of the great city, which spiritually is called Sodom and Egypt, where also their Lord was crucified.
- Ps 48:8As we have heard, so we have seen, in the city of Yahweh of Armies, in the city of our God. God will establish it forever. Selah.
- Luke 13:34“Jerusalem, Jerusalem, that kills the prophets, and stones those who are sent to her! How often I wanted to gather your children together, like a hen gathers her own brood under her wings, and you refused!
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Christ at the center
Isaiah sees him most clearly: the virgin's son Immanuel, the child on David's throne, the shoot from Jesse, the light to the nations, and above all the Suffering Servant pierced for our transgressions (ch. 53).
How Isaiah 1:21 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.
Original language
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