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See how the faithful city has become a harlot! She once was full of justice; righteousness resided within her, but now only murderers!
Isaiah 1:21 · Berean Standard Bible
Parallel translations
  • WEB How the faithful city has become a prostitute! She was full of justice; righteousness lodged in her, but now murderers.
  • KJV How is the faithful city become an harlot! it was full of judgment; righteousness lodged in it; but now murderers.
  • NKJV How the faithful city has become a harlot! It was full of justice; Righteousness lodged in it, But now murderers.
  • NASB ¶How the faithful city has become a prostitute, She who was full of justice! Righteousness once dwelt in her, But now murderers.
  • NLT See how Jerusalem, once so faithful, has become a prostitute. Once the home of justice and righteousness, she is now filled with murderers.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

Isaiah laments that the once-faithful city has become like a prostitute, exchanging justice for murder. It mourns Jerusalem's tragic moral collapse.

Overview

Spiritual unfaithfulness is often pictured as harlotry, betraying covenant loyalty to God. The city that once housed righteousness now harbors violence and corruption. This decline magnifies the need for the redemption that will one day restore Zion to faithfulness (v. 26).

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 23

  • Zech 8:3This is what the LORD says: “I will return to Zion and dwell in Jerusalem. Then Jerusalem will be called the City of Truth, and the mountain of the LORD of Hosts will be called the Holy Mountain.”
  • Ezek 22:1–23Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying,
  • Zeph 3:1–3Woe to the city of oppressors, rebellious and defiled!
  • Acts 7:52Which of the prophets did your fathers fail to persecute? They even killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One. And now you are His betrayers and murderers—
  • Lam 1:8–9Jerusalem has sinned greatly; therefore she has become an object of scorn. All who honored her now despise her, for they have seen her nakedness; she herself groans and turns away.
  • Heb 12:22Instead, you have come to Mount Zion, to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem. You have come to myriads of angels
  • Ps 46:4There is a river whose streams delight the city of God, the holy place where the Most High dwells.
  • Isa 5:7For the vineyard of the LORD of Hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah are the plant of His delight. He looked for justice, but saw bloodshed; for righteousness, but heard a cry of distress.
  • Isa 48:2who indeed call yourselves after the holy city and lean on the God of Israel; the LORD of Hosts is His name.
  • Jer 3:1“If a man divorces his wife and she leaves him to marry another, can he ever return to her? Would not such a land be completely defiled? But you have played the harlot with many lovers—and you would return to Me?” declares the LORD.
  • Mic 3:2–3You hate good and love evil. You tear the skin from my people and strip the flesh from their bones.
  • Neh 11:1Now the leaders of the people settled in Jerusalem, and the rest of the people cast lots to bring one out of ten to live in the holy city of Jerusalem, while the remaining nine were to dwell in their own towns.
  • Isa 57:3–9“But come here, you sons of a sorceress, you offspring of adulterers and prostitutes!
  • 2 Chr 19:9He commanded them, saying, “You must serve faithfully and wholeheartedly in the fear of the LORD.
  • Ezek 16:1–63Again the word of the LORD came to me, saying,
  • Ps 48:1A song. A Psalm of the sons of Korah. Great is the LORD, and greatly to be praised in the city of our God, His holy mountain.
  • Rev 11:2But exclude the courtyard outside the temple. Do not measure it, because it has been given over to the nations, and they will trample the holy city for 42 months.
  • Hos 11:12Ephraim surrounds Me with lies, the house of Israel with deceit; but Judah still walks with God and is faithful to the Holy One.
  • Jer 2:20–21“For long ago you broke your yoke and tore off your chains, saying, ‘I will not serve!’ Indeed, on every high hill and under every green tree you lay down as a prostitute.
  • 2 Sam 8:15Thus David reigned over all Israel and administered justice and righteousness for all his people:
  • Rev 11:8Their bodies will lie in the street of the great city—figuratively called Sodom and Egypt—where their Lord was also crucified.
  • Ps 48:8As we have heard, so we have seen in the city of the LORD of Hosts, in the city of our God: God will establish her forever. Selah
  • Luke 13:34O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — Isaiah videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on Isaiah 1:21YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on IsaiahMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

Isaiah sees him most clearly: the virgin's son Immanuel, the child on David's throne, the shoot from Jesse, the light to the nations, and above all the Suffering Servant pierced for our transgressions (ch. 53).

How Isaiah 1:21 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Hebrew word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.