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And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, scoffing.
Genesis 21:9 · New King James Version
Parallel translations
  • WEB Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, mocking.
  • KJV And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking.
  • BSB But Sarah saw that the son whom Hagar the Egyptian had borne to Abraham was mocking her son,
  • NASB Now Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, mocking Isaac.
  • NLT But Sarah saw Ishmael—the son of Abraham and her Egyptian servant Hagar—making fun of her son, Isaac.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

Sarah sees Ishmael, Hagar's son, mocking. His scorn toward Isaac triggers the coming separation.

Overview

Ishmael's mockery, which Paul later describes as persecution of the child of promise, reveals hostility toward Isaac and threatens the household. The conflict dramatizes the tension between the son born of the flesh and the son born of promise. Paul draws on this scene to teach that the children of promise, born by the Spirit, must not be enslaved by works of the flesh.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 17

  • Gal 4:29But as then, he who was born according to the flesh persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, so also it is now.
  • Gen 16:15Hagar bore a son for Abram. Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bore, Ishmael.
  • Gal 4:22For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the servant, and one by the free woman.
  • Gen 16:1Now Sarai, Abram’s wife, bore him no children. She had a servant, an Egyptian, whose name was Hagar.
  • Prov 20:11Even a child makes himself known by his doings, whether his work is pure, and whether it is right.
  • Ps 22:6But I am a worm, and no man; a reproach of men, and despised by the people.
  • Lam 1:7Jerusalem remembers in the days of her affliction and of her miseries all her pleasant things that were from the days of old: when her people fell into the hand of the adversary, and no one helped her, The adversaries saw her, they mocked at her desolations.
  • 2 Chr 36:16but they mocked the messengers of God, and despised his words, and scoffed at his prophets, until Yahweh’s wrath arose against his people, until there was no remedy.
  • 2 Chr 30:10So the couriers passed from city to city through the country of Ephraim and Manasseh, even to Zebulun, but people ridiculed them and mocked them.
  • Ps 44:13–14You make us a reproach to our neighbors, a scoffing and a derision to those who are around us.
  • Ps 42:10As with a sword in my bones, my adversaries reproach me, while they continually ask me, “Where is your God?”
  • Gen 16:3–6Sarai, Abram’s wife, took Hagar the Egyptian, her servant, after Abram had lived ten years in the land of Canaan, and gave her to Abram her husband to be his wife.
  • Heb 11:36Others were tried by mocking and scourging, yes, moreover by bonds and imprisonment.
  • Neh 4:1–5But when Sanballat heard that we were building the wall, he was angry, and was very indignant, and mocked the Jews.
  • Gen 17:20As for Ishmael, I have heard you. Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly. He will become the father of twelve princes, and I will make him a great nation.
  • 2 Kgs 2:23–24He went up from there to Bethel. As he was going up by the way, some youths came out of the city and mocked him, and said to him, “Go up, you baldy! Go up, you baldy!”
  • Job 30:1“But now those who are younger than I have me in derision, whose fathers I would have disdained to put with my sheep dogs.

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (9)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — Genesis videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on Genesis 21:9YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on GenesisMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

From the first promise that the seed of the woman would crush the serpent (3:15), through Abraham's blessing to all nations and Judah's coming ruler, Genesis sows every seed that flowers in Christ — the true offspring, the better Adam, the ram caught for Isaac.

How Genesis 21:9 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Hebrew word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.