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And you were dead in your trespasses and sins,
Ephesians 2:1 · Berean Standard Bible
Parallel translations
  • WEB You were made alive when you were dead in transgressions and sins,
  • KJV And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins;
  • NKJV And you He made alive, who were dead in trespasses and sins,
  • NASB And you were dead in your offenses and sins,
  • NLT Once you were dead because of your disobedience and your many sins.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

Believers, once spiritually dead in sin, have been made alive by God. It sets out humanity's hopeless condition apart from grace and God's intervening life.

Overview

Paul describes the former state of his readers as 'dead in transgressions and sins' — spiritually lifeless and unable to save themselves. (The phrase 'made alive' is supplied from verse 5, where the sentence completes.) This stark diagnosis sets up the glorious contrast of God's grace, showing that salvation is a resurrection only God can perform.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 20

  • Col 2:13When you were dead in your trespasses and in the uncircumcision of your sinful nature, God made you alive with Christ. He forgave us all our trespasses,
  • Eph 2:5–6made us alive with Christ even when we were dead in our trespasses. It is by grace you have been saved!
  • Col 3:1–4Therefore, since you have been raised with Christ, strive for the things above, where Christ is seated at the right hand of God.
  • Rom 8:2For in Christ Jesus the law of the Spirit of life set you free from the law of sin and death.
  • Eph 4:18They are darkened in their understanding and alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them due to the hardness of their hearts.
  • John 5:21For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, so also the Son gives life to whom He wishes.
  • John 11:25–26Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. Whoever believes in Me will live, even though he dies.
  • 1 Jn 3:14We know that we have passed from death to life, because we love our brothers. The one who does not love remains in death.
  • John 14:6Jesus answered, “I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me.
  • John 5:25Truly, truly, I tell you, the hour is coming and has now come when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live.
  • Eph 5:14So it is said: “Wake up, O sleeper, rise up from the dead, and Christ will shine on you.”
  • 1 Tim 5:6But she who lives for pleasure is dead even while she is still alive.
  • Eph 1:19–20and the surpassing greatness of His power to us who believe. These are in accordance with the working of His mighty strength,
  • John 10:10The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy. I have come that they may have life, and have it in all its fullness.
  • 1 Cor 15:45So it is written: “The first man Adam became a living being;” the last Adam a life-giving spirit.
  • Luke 15:32But it was fitting to celebrate and be glad, because this brother of yours was dead and is alive again; he was lost and is found.’”
  • Rev 3:1“To the angel of the church in Sardis write: These are the words of the One who holds the seven Spirits of God and the seven stars. I know your deeds; you have a reputation for being alive, yet you are dead.
  • Matt 8:22But Jesus told him, “Follow Me, and let the dead bury their own dead.”
  • Luke 15:24For this son of mine was dead and is alive again! He was lost and is found!’ So they began to celebrate.
  • 2 Cor 5:14For Christ’s love compels us, because we are convinced that One died for all, therefore all died.

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (6)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — Ephesians videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on Ephesians 2:1YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on EphesiansMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

Every spiritual blessing is 'in Christ,' the head over all things for the church, in whom Jew and Gentile are made one new man by his blood.

How Ephesians 2:1 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Greek word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.