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Ecclesiastes 12:13

When all has been heard, the conclusion of the matter is this: Fear God and keep His commandments, because this is the whole duty of man.
Ecclesiastes 12:13 · Berean Standard Bible
Parallel translations
  • WEB This is the end of the matter. All has been heard. Fear God, and keep his commandments; for this is the whole duty of man.
  • KJV Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God, and keep his commandments: for this is the whole duty of man.
  • NKJV Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God and keep His commandments, For this is man’s all.
  • NASB The conclusion, when everything has been heard, is: fear God and keep His commandments, because this applies to every person.
  • NLT That’s the whole story. Here now is my final conclusion: Fear God and obey his commands, for this is everyone’s duty.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

The book's conclusion: fear God and keep his commandments, for this is the whole duty of every person. It distills the meaning of life into reverent obedience toward God.

Overview

After surveying life's fleeting vanities, the Preacher arrives at the bottom line: reverent fear of God and obedience to his commands constitute the "whole duty" (or whole good) of humanity. This is not a grim moralism but the only path to meaning under the sun, rooting all of life in proper relationship to the Creator. Under the new covenant this fear and obedience flow from grace in Christ, who perfectly kept God's commandments and writes his law on our hearts.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 20

  • Deut 10:12And now, O Israel, what does the LORD your God ask of you but to fear the LORD your God by walking in all His ways, to love Him, to serve the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul,
  • Mic 6:8He has shown you, O man, what is good. And what does the LORD require of you but to act justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God?
  • Deut 6:2so that you and your children and grandchildren may fear the LORD your God all the days of your lives by keeping all His statutes and commandments that I give you, and so that your days may be prolonged.
  • Ps 111:10The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom; all who follow His precepts gain rich understanding. His praise endures forever!
  • Job 28:28And He said to man, ‘Behold, the fear of the Lord, that is wisdom, and to turn away from evil is understanding.’”
  • Ps 145:19He fulfills the desires of those who fear Him; He hears their cry and saves them.
  • Luke 1:50His mercy extends to those who fear Him, from generation to generation.
  • Eccl 8:12Although a sinner does evil a hundred times and still lives long, yet I also know that it will go well with those who fear God, who are reverent in His presence.
  • Prov 19:23The fear of the LORD leads to life, that one may rest content, without visitation from harm.
  • Prov 1:7The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge, but fools despise wisdom and discipline.
  • Ps 115:13–15He will bless those who fear the LORD—small and great alike.
  • Ps 147:11The LORD is pleased with those who fear Him, who hope in His loving devotion.
  • Eccl 5:7For as many dreams bring futility, so do many words. Therefore, fear God.
  • Rev 19:5Then a voice came from the throne, saying: “Praise our God, all you who serve Him, and those who fear Him, small and great alike!”
  • Deut 4:2You must not add to or subtract from what I command you, so that you may keep the commandments of the LORD your God that I am giving you.
  • Prov 23:17Do not let your heart envy sinners, but always continue in the fear of the LORD.
  • 1 Pet 2:17Treat everyone with high regard: Love the brotherhood of believers, fear God, honor the king.
  • Gen 22:12“Do not lay a hand on the boy or do anything to him,” said the angel, “for now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your only son from me.”
  • Eccl 6:12For who knows what is good for a man during the few days in which he passes through his fleeting life like a shadow? Who can tell a man what will come after him under the sun?
  • Eccl 2:3I sought to cheer my body with wine and to embrace folly—my mind still guiding me with wisdom—until I could see what was worthwhile for men to do under heaven during the few days of their lives.

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Christ at the center

The search that finds everything 'under the sun' to be vapor exposes the emptiness of life without God and drives us to the one who alone gives meaning, the resurrection that makes our labor not in vain.

How Ecclesiastes 12:13 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Hebrew word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.