“You shall not pervert justice due the stranger or the fatherless, nor take a widow’s garment as a pledge.
Parallel translations
- WEB You shall not deprive the foreigner or the fatherless of justice, nor take a widow’s clothing in pledge;
- KJV Thou shalt not pervert the judgment of the stranger, nor of the fatherless; nor take a widow’s raiment to pledge:
- BSB Do not deny justice to the foreigner or the fatherless, and do not take a widow’s cloak as security.
- NASB “You shall not pervert the justice due a stranger or an orphan, nor seize a widow’s garment as a pledge.
- NLT “True justice must be given to foreigners living among you and to orphans, and you must never accept a widow’s garment as security for her debt.
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org
Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
Quick answer
Justice must not be perverted against the foreigner or orphan, and a widow's garment may not be taken as a pledge. The most defenseless deserve special protection under the law.
Overview
The foreigner, fatherless, and widow lacked the family and social standing to defend themselves, so God specifically shields them from injustice and exploitation. Taking a widow's necessary clothing would compound her vulnerability and is forbidden. This reflects the heart of 'pure religion,' which visits orphans and widows in their affliction (James 1:27), a heart fully revealed in Christ's care for the lowly.
Cross-references & the web
Cross-references · 34
- Deut 16:19You shall not pervert justice. You shall not show partiality. You shall not take a bribe, for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise, and perverts the words of the righteous.
- Deut 27:19‘Cursed is he who withholds justice from the foreigner, fatherless, and widow.’ All the people shall say, ‘Amen.’
- Exod 22:21–22“You shall not wrong an alien or oppress him, for you were aliens in the land of Egypt.
- Exod 23:6“You shall not deny justice to your poor people in their lawsuits.
- Jer 5:28They have grown fat. They shine; yes, they excel in deeds of wickedness. They don’t plead the cause, the cause of the fatherless, that they may prosper; and they don’t judge the right of the needy.
- Deut 1:17You shall not show partiality in judgment; you shall hear the small and the great alike. You shall not be afraid of the face of man, for the judgment is God’s. The case that is too hard for you, you shall bring to me, and I will hear it.”
- Isa 1:23Your princes are rebellious, and companions of thieves. Everyone loves bribes, and follows after rewards. They don’t judge the fatherless, neither does the cause of the widow come to them.
- Job 29:11–17For when the ear heard me, then it blessed me; and when the eye saw me, it commended me:
- Exod 23:9“You shall not oppress an alien, for you know the heart of an alien, since you were aliens in the land of Egypt.
- Exod 23:2“You shall not follow a crowd to do evil. You shall not testify in court to side with a multitude to pervert justice.
- Mic 7:3Their hands are on that which is evil to do it diligently. The ruler and judge ask for a bribe; and the powerful man dictates the evil desire of his soul. Thus they conspire together.
- Isa 33:15He who walks righteously, and speaks blamelessly; He who despises the gain of oppressions, who gestures with his hands, refusing to take a bribe, who stops his ears from hearing of blood, and shuts his eyes from looking at evil —
- Eccl 5:8If you see the oppression of the poor, and the violent taking away of justice and righteousness in a district, don’t marvel at the matter: for one official is eyed by a higher one; and there are officials over them.
- Deut 10:17–18For Yahweh your God, he is God of gods, and Lord of lords, the great God, the mighty, and the awesome, who doesn’t respect persons, nor takes reward.
- Isa 3:15What do you mean that you crush my people, and grind the face of the poor?” says the Lord, Yahweh of Armies.
- Ps 82:1–5A Psalm by Asaph. God presides in the great assembly. He judges among the gods.
- Ezek 22:29The people of the land have used oppression, and exercised robbery. Yes, they have troubled the poor and needy, and have oppressed the foreigner wrongfully.
- Mal 3:5I will come near to you to judgment; and I will be a swift witness against the sorcerers, and against the adulterers, and against the perjurers, and against those who oppress the hireling in his wages, the widow, and the fatherless, and who deprive the foreigner of justice, and don’t fear me,” says Yahweh of Armies.
- Deut 24:13You shall surely restore to him the pledge when the sun goes down, that he may sleep in his garment, and bless you. It shall be righteousness to you before Yahweh your God.
- Jer 22:3Yahweh says: “Execute justice and righteousness, and deliver him who is robbed out of the hand of the oppressor. Do no wrong. Do no violence, to the foreigner, the fatherless, nor the widow; neither shed innocent blood in this place.
- Ps 94:20–21Shall the throne of wickedness have fellowship with you, which brings about mischief by statute?
- 1 Sam 12:3–4Here I am. Witness against me before Yahweh, and before his anointed. Whose ox have I taken? Whose donkey have I taken? Whom have I defrauded? Whom have I oppressed? Of whose hand have I taken a ransom to make me blind my eyes? I will restore it to you.”
- Jas 2:6But you have dishonored the poor man. Don’t the rich oppress you, and personally drag you before the courts?
- Prov 22:22–23Don’t exploit the poor, because he is poor; and don’t crush the needy in court;
- Zech 7:10Don’t oppress the widow, nor the fatherless, the foreigner, nor the poor; and let none of you devise evil against his brother in your heart.’
- Ezek 22:7In you have they treated father and mother with contempt. Among you they have oppressed the foreigner. In you they have wronged the fatherless and the widow.
- Mic 2:1–2Woe to those who devise iniquity and work evil on their beds! When the morning is light, they practice it, because it is in the power of their hand.
- Luke 3:14Soldiers also asked him, saying, “What about us? What must we do?” He said to them, “Extort from no one by violence, neither accuse anyone wrongfully. Be content with your wages.”
- Ps 94:3–6Yahweh, how long will the wicked, how long will the wicked triumph?
- Job 22:8–9But as for the mighty man, he had the earth. The honorable man, he lived in it.
- Deut 24:6No man shall take the mill or the upper millstone as a pledge; for he takes a life in pledge.
- Prov 31:5lest they drink, and forget the law, and pervert the justice due to anyone who is afflicted.
- Amos 5:7–12You who turn justice to wormwood, and cast down righteousness to the earth:
- Exod 22:26–27If you take your neighbor’s garment as collateral, you shall restore it to him before the sun goes down,
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Christ at the center
Moses promised a Prophet like himself to whom Israel must listen (18:15); Jesus is that Prophet, the one who keeps the covenant we broke and becomes the curse for us by hanging on a tree (Gal 3:13).
How Deuteronomy 24:17 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.
Original language
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