Do not deny justice to the foreigner or the fatherless, and do not take a widow’s cloak as security.
Parallel translations
- WEB You shall not deprive the foreigner or the fatherless of justice, nor take a widow’s clothing in pledge;
- KJV Thou shalt not pervert the judgment of the stranger, nor of the fatherless; nor take a widow’s raiment to pledge:
- NKJV “You shall not pervert justice due the stranger or the fatherless, nor take a widow’s garment as a pledge.
- NASB “You shall not pervert the justice due a stranger or an orphan, nor seize a widow’s garment as a pledge.
- NLT “True justice must be given to foreigners living among you and to orphans, and you must never accept a widow’s garment as security for her debt.
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org
Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
Quick answer
Justice must not be perverted against the foreigner or orphan, and a widow's garment may not be taken as a pledge. The most defenseless deserve special protection under the law.
Overview
The foreigner, fatherless, and widow lacked the family and social standing to defend themselves, so God specifically shields them from injustice and exploitation. Taking a widow's necessary clothing would compound her vulnerability and is forbidden. This reflects the heart of 'pure religion,' which visits orphans and widows in their affliction (James 1:27), a heart fully revealed in Christ's care for the lowly.
Cross-references & the web
Cross-references · 34
- Deut 16:19Do not deny justice or show partiality. Do not accept a bribe, for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and twists the words of the righteous.
- Deut 27:19‘Cursed is he who withholds justice from the foreigner, the fatherless, or the widow.’ And let all the people say, ‘Amen!’
- Exod 22:21–22You must not exploit or oppress a foreign resident, for you yourselves were foreigners in the land of Egypt.
- Exod 23:6You shall not deny justice to the poor in their lawsuits.
- Jer 5:28They have grown fat and sleek, and have excelled in the deeds of the wicked. They have not taken up the cause of the fatherless, that they might prosper; nor have they defended the rights of the needy.
- Deut 1:17Show no partiality in judging; hear both small and great alike. Do not be intimidated by anyone, for judgment belongs to God. And bring to me any case too difficult for you, and I will hear it.”
- Isa 1:23Your rulers are rebels, friends of thieves. They all love bribes and chasing after rewards. They do not defend the fatherless, and the plea of the widow never comes before them.
- Job 29:11–17For those who heard me called me blessed, and those who saw me commended me,
- Exod 23:9Do not oppress a foreign resident, since you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners; for you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.
- Exod 23:2You shall not follow the crowd in wrongdoing. When you testify in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice by siding with the crowd.
- Mic 7:3Both hands are skilled at evil; the prince and the judge demand a bribe. When the powerful utters his evil desire, they all conspire together.
- Isa 33:15He who walks righteously and speaks with sincerity, who refuses gain from extortion, whose hand never takes a bribe, who stops his ears against murderous plots and shuts his eyes tightly against evil—
- Eccl 5:8If you see the oppression of the poor and the denial of justice and righteousness in the province, do not be astonished at the matter; for one official is watched by a superior, and others higher still are over them.
- Deut 10:17–18For the LORD your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God, showing no partiality and accepting no bribe.
- Isa 3:15Why do you crush My people and grind the faces of the poor?” declares the Lord GOD of Hosts.
- Ps 82:1–5A Psalm of Asaph. God presides in the divine assembly; He renders judgment among the gods:
- Ezek 22:29The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have oppressed the poor and needy and have exploited the foreign resident without justice.
- Mal 3:5“Then I will draw near to you for judgment. And I will be a swift witness against sorcerers and adulterers and perjurers, against oppressors of the widowed and fatherless, and against those who defraud laborers of their wages and deny justice to the foreigner but do not fear Me,” says the LORD of Hosts.
- Deut 24:13be sure to return it to him by sunset, so that he may sleep in his own cloak and bless you, and this will be credited to you as righteousness before the LORD your God.
- Jer 22:3This is what the LORD says: Administer justice and righteousness. Rescue the victim of robbery from the hand of his oppressor. Do no wrong or violence to the foreigner, the fatherless, or the widow. Do not shed innocent blood in this place.
- Ps 94:20–21Can a corrupt throne be Your ally—one devising mischief by decree?
- 1 Sam 12:3–4Here I am. Bear witness against me before the LORD and before His anointed: Whose ox or donkey have I taken? Whom have I cheated or oppressed? From whose hand have I accepted a bribe and closed my eyes? Tell me, and I will restore it to you.”
- Jas 2:6But you have dishonored the poor. Is it not the rich who oppress you and drag you into court?
- Prov 22:22–23Do not rob a poor man because he is poor, and do not crush the afflicted at the gate,
- Zech 7:10Do not oppress the widow or the fatherless, the foreigner or the poor. And do not plot evil in your hearts against one another.’
- Ezek 22:7Father and mother are treated with contempt. Within your walls the foreign resident is exploited, the fatherless and the widow are oppressed.
- Mic 2:1–2Woe to those who devise iniquity and plot evil on their beds! At morning’s light they accomplish it because the power is in their hands.
- Luke 3:14Then some soldiers asked him, “And what should we do?” “Do not take money by force or false accusation,” he said. “Be content with your wages.”
- Ps 94:3–6How long will the wicked, O LORD, how long will the wicked exult?
- Job 22:8–9while the land belonged to a mighty man, and a man of honor lived on it.
- Deut 24:6Do not take a pair of millstones or even an upper millstone as security for a debt, because that would be taking one’s livelihood as security.
- Prov 31:5lest they drink and forget what is decreed, depriving all the oppressed of justice.
- Amos 5:7–12There are those who turn justice into wormwood and cast righteousness to the ground.
- Exod 22:26–27If you take your neighbor’s cloak as collateral, return it to him by sunset,
Themes, concepts, people & topics
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Christ at the center
Moses promised a Prophet like himself to whom Israel must listen (18:15); Jesus is that Prophet, the one who keeps the covenant we broke and becomes the curse for us by hanging on a tree (Gal 3:13).
How Deuteronomy 24:17 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.
Original language
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