But if he thrust him of hatred, or hurl at him by laying of wait, that he die;
Parallel translations
- WEB If he shoved him out of hatred, or hurled at him, lying in wait, so that he died,
- BSB Likewise, if anyone maliciously pushes another or intentionally throws an object at him and kills him,
- NKJV If he pushes him out of hatred or, while lying in wait, hurls something at him so that he dies,
- NASB Now if he pushed him in hatred, or he threw something at him with malicious intent, and as a result he died,
- NLT So if someone hates another person and waits in ambush, then pushes him or throws something at him and he dies, it is murder.
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org
Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
Quick answer
Acting from hatred, ambush, or premeditation marks a death as murder rather than accident. Intent, not merely the outcome, defines the crime.
Overview
Continuing the law on cities of refuge, this verse lists hallmarks of deliberate killing: hatred, lying in wait, and a fatal blow thrown with intent. God's justice weighs the heart's motive, not just the physical act, distinguishing the murderer from the accidental manslayer. This concern for inward intent anticipates Jesus' teaching that anger and hatred themselves are answerable to God (Matthew 5:21-22).
Cross-references & the web
Cross-references · 28
- Exod 21:14But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may die.
- Deut 19:11But if any man hate his neighbour, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him mortally that he die, and fleeth into one of these cities:
- Gen 4:8And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him.
- 2 Sam 20:10But Amasa took no heed to the sword that was in Joab’s hand: so he smote him therewith in the fifth rib, and shed out his bowels to the ground, and struck him not again; and he died. So Joab and Abishai his brother pursued after Sheba the son of Bichri.
- 2 Sam 3:27And when Abner was returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside in the gate to speak with him quietly, and smote him there under the fifth rib, that he died, for the blood of Asahel his brother.
- Gen 4:5But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell.
- 1 Kgs 2:5–6Moreover thou knowest also what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me, and what he did to the two captains of the hosts of Israel, unto Abner the son of Ner, and unto Amasa the son of Jether, whom he slew, and shed the blood of war in peace, and put the blood of war upon his girdle that was about his loins, and in his shoes that were on his feet.
- Mark 6:19Therefore Herodias had a quarrel against him, and would have killed him; but she could not:
- 1 Sam 18:25And Saul said, Thus shall ye say to David, The king desireth not any dowry, but an hundred foreskins of the Philistines, to be avenged of the king’s enemies. But Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines.
- 1 Sam 23:7–9And it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah. And Saul said, God hath delivered him into mine hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.
- Acts 23:21But do not thou yield unto them: for there lie in wait for him of them more than forty men, which have bound themselves with an oath, that they will neither eat nor drink till they have killed him: and now are they ready, looking for a promise from thee.
- 1 Sam 20:1And David fled from Naioth in Ramah, and came and said before Jonathan, What have I done? what is mine iniquity? and what is my sin before thy father, that he seeketh my life?
- Prov 28:17A man that doeth violence to the blood of any person shall flee to the pit; let no man stay him.
- Prov 26:24He that hateth dissembleth with his lips, and layeth up deceit within him;
- 1 Sam 19:9–12And the evil spirit from the LORD was upon Saul, as he sat in his house with his javelin in his hand: and David played with his hand.
- 2 Sam 13:28–29Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.
- Mark 6:24–26And she went forth, and said unto her mother, What shall I ask? And she said, The head of John the Baptist.
- Ps 11:2For, lo, the wicked bend their bow, they make ready their arrow upon the string, that they may privily shoot at the upright in heart.
- 2 Sam 13:22And Absalom spake unto his brother Amnon neither good nor bad: for Absalom hated Amnon, because he had forced his sister Tamar.
- Luke 4:29And rose up, and thrust him out of the city, and led him unto the brow of the hill whereon their city was built, that they might cast him down headlong.
- Prov 1:18–19And they lay wait for their own blood; they lurk privily for their own lives.
- 1 Sam 18:10–11And it came to pass on the morrow, that the evil spirit from God came upon Saul, and he prophesied in the midst of the house: and David played with his hand, as at other times: and there was a javelin in Saul’s hand.
- Ps 57:4–6My soul is among lions: and I lie even among them that are set on fire, even the sons of men, whose teeth are spears and arrows, and their tongue a sharp sword.
- 1 Sam 24:11Moreover, my father, see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in my hand: for in that I cut off the skirt of thy robe, and killed thee not, know thou and see that there is neither evil nor transgression in mine hand, and I have not sinned against thee; yet thou huntest my soul to take it.
- Ps 35:7–8For without cause have they hid for me their net in a pit, which without cause they have digged for my soul.
- Ps 10:7–10His mouth is full of cursing and deceit and fraud: under his tongue is mischief and vanity.
- 1 Kgs 2:31–33And the king said unto him, Do as he hath said, and fall upon him, and bury him; that thou mayest take away the innocent blood, which Joab shed, from me, and from the house of my father.
- Acts 20:3And there abode three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to sail into Syria, he purposed to return through Macedonia.
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Christ at the center
In the wilderness Christ is the water from the rock, the bronze serpent lifted up that the dying might look and live (John 3:14), and the star and scepter that Balaam saw rising out of Jacob.
How Numbers 35:20 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.
Original language
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