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Wasn’t Abraham our father justified by works, in that he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?
James 2:21 · World English Bible
Parallel translations
  • KJV Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he had offered Isaac his son upon the altar?
  • BSB Was not our father Abraham justified by what he did when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?
  • NKJV Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar?
  • NASB Was our father Abraham not justified by works when he offered up his son Isaac on the altar?
  • NLT Don’t you remember that our ancestor Abraham was shown to be right with God by his actions when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

Abraham was justified by works when he offered Isaac on the altar. His obedient action demonstrated the reality of his faith.

Overview

James cites Abraham's willingness to offer Isaac (Genesis 22) as proof that genuine faith works. Here "justified" carries the sense of being shown or vindicated as righteous before others, not earning a verdict from God by merit. Abraham's deed openly displayed the faith God had already credited to him as righteousness.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 20

  • Gen 22:16–18and said, “I have sworn by myself, says Yahweh, because you have done this thing, and have not withheld your son, your only son,
  • Gen 22:9–12They came to the place which God had told him of. Abraham built the altar there, and laid the wood in order, bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar, on the wood.
  • John 8:39They answered him, “Our father is Abraham.” Jesus said to them, “If you were Abraham’s children, you would do the works of Abraham.
  • Rom 4:16For this cause it is of faith, that it may be according to grace, to the end that the promise may be sure to all the offspring, not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all.
  • Matt 12:37For by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.”
  • Acts 7:2He said, “Brothers and fathers, listen. The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran,
  • Rom 4:1What then will we say that Abraham, our forefather, has found according to the flesh?
  • Luke 16:30“He said, ‘No, father Abraham, but if one goes to them from the dead, they will repent.’
  • Josh 24:3I took your father Abraham from beyond the River, and led him throughout all the land of Canaan, and multiplied his offspring, and gave him Isaac.
  • Jas 2:18Yes, a man will say, “You have faith, and I have works.” Show me your faith without works, and I by my works will show you my faith.
  • Jas 2:24You see then that by works, a man is justified, and not only by faith.
  • Isa 51:2Look to Abraham your father, and to Sarah who bore you; for when he was but one I called him, and I blessed him, and made him many.
  • Matt 3:9Don’t think to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham for our father,’ for I tell you that God is able to raise up children to Abraham from these stones.
  • Ps 143:2Don’t enter into judgment with your servant, for in your sight no man living is righteous.
  • Luke 16:24He cried and said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue! For I am in anguish in this flame.’
  • Rom 3:20Because by the works of the law, no flesh will be justified in his sight. For through the law comes the knowledge of sin.
  • Matt 25:31–40“But when the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then he will sit on the throne of his glory.
  • John 8:53Are you greater than our father, Abraham, who died? The prophets died. Who do you make yourself out to be?”
  • Rom 4:12He is the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had in uncircumcision.
  • Luke 1:73the oath which he swore to Abraham, our father,

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (6)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — James videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on James 2:21YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on JamesMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

The wisdom from above and the royal law of love are the life of those who belong to 'our glorious Lord Jesus Christ' — faith in him made visible in works.

How James 2:21 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Greek word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.