By the sweat of your face You shall eat bread, Until you return to the ground, Because from it you were taken; For you are dust, And to dust you shall return.”
Parallel translations
- WEB By the sweat of your face will you eat bread until you return to the ground, for out of it you were taken. For you are dust, and to dust you shall return.”
- KJV In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.
- BSB By the sweat of your brow you will eat your bread, until you return to the ground—because out of it were you taken. For dust you are, and to dust you shall return.”
- NKJV In the sweat of your face you shall eat bread Till you return to the ground, For out of it you were taken; For dust you are, And to dust you shall return.”
- NLT By the sweat of your brow will you have food to eat until you return to the ground from which you were made. For you were made from dust, and to dust you will return.”
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org
Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
Quick answer
Adam will labor for his food until he dies and returns to the dust from which he was made. It declares the reality of physical death as the wage of sin.
Overview
God pronounces that human life will now end in death, the dissolution of the body back to dust. This fulfills the warning that disobedience would bring death and underscores human frailty and mortality. Yet Christ, the last Adam, conquers death and raises His people to imperishable life (1 Corinthians 15:21-22, 45).
Cross-references & the web
Cross-references · 25
- Eccl 12:7and the dust returns to the earth as it was, and the spirit returns to God who gave it.
- Job 34:15all flesh would perish together, and man would turn again to dust.
- Ps 104:29You hide your face: they are troubled; you take away their breath: they die, and return to the dust.
- Gen 2:7Yahweh God formed man from the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.
- Ps 90:3You turn man to destruction, saying, “Return, you children of men.”
- Eph 4:28Let him who stole steal no more; but rather let him labor, producing with his hands something that is good, that he may have something to give to him who has need.
- Eccl 3:20All go to one place. All are from the dust, and all turn to dust again.
- 1 Cor 15:21–22For since death came by man, the resurrection of the dead also came by man.
- Gen 18:27Abraham answered, “See now, I have taken it on myself to speak to the Lord, although I am dust and ashes.
- Gen 23:4“I am a stranger and a foreigner living with you. Give me a possession of a burying-place with you, that I may bury my dead out of my sight.”
- Dan 12:2Many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.
- Eccl 1:3What does man gain from all his labor in which he labors under the sun?
- 2 Th 3:10For even when we were with you, we commanded you this: “If anyone will not work, don’t let him eat.”
- Ps 22:15My strength is dried up like a potsherd. My tongue sticks to the roof of my mouth. You have brought me into the dust of death.
- Ps 103:14For he knows how we are made. He remembers that we are dust.
- Job 21:26They lie down alike in the dust. The worm covers them.
- Rom 5:12–21Therefore as sin entered into the world through one man, and death through sin; and so death passed to all men, because all sinned.
- 1 Th 2:9For you remember, brothers, our labor and travail; for working night and day, that we might not burden any of you, we preached to you the Good News of God.
- Prov 21:16The man who wanders out of the way of understanding shall rest in the assembly of the departed spirits.
- Eccl 5:15As he came out of his mother’s womb, naked shall he go again as he came, and shall take nothing for his labor, which he may carry away in his hand.
- Job 17:13–16If I look for Sheol as my house, if I have spread my couch in the darkness,
- Ps 22:29All the rich ones of the earth shall eat and worship. All those who go down to the dust shall bow before him, even he who can’t keep his soul alive.
- Job 19:26After my skin is destroyed, then in my flesh shall I see God,
- Job 1:21He said, “Naked I came out of my mother’s womb, and naked shall I return there. Yahweh gave, and Yahweh has taken away. Blessed be Yahweh’s name.”
- Eccl 1:13I applied my heart to seek and to search out by wisdom concerning all that is done under the sky. It is a heavy burden that God has given to the sons of men to be afflicted with.
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Christ at the center
From the first promise that the seed of the woman would crush the serpent (3:15), through Abraham's blessing to all nations and Judah's coming ruler, Genesis sows every seed that flowers in Christ — the true offspring, the better Adam, the ram caught for Isaac.
How Genesis 3:19 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.
Original language
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