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Therefore the people contended with Moses, and said, “Give us water, that we may drink.” So Moses said to them, “Why do you contend with me? Why do you tempt the Lord?”
Exodus 17:2 · New King James Version
Parallel translations
  • WEB Therefore the people quarreled with Moses, and said, “Give us water to drink.” Moses said to them, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test Yahweh?”
  • KJV Wherefore the people did chide with Moses, and said, Give us water that we may drink. And Moses said unto them, Why chide ye with me? wherefore do ye tempt the LORD?
  • BSB So the people contended with Moses, “Give us water to drink.” “Why do you contend with me?” Moses replied. “Why do you test the LORD?”
  • NASB So the people quarreled with Moses and said, “Give us water so that we may drink!” And Moses said to them, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test the Lord?”
  • NLT So once more the people complained against Moses. “Give us water to drink!” they demanded. “Quiet!” Moses replied. “Why are you complaining against me? And why are you testing the Lord?”

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

The thirsty people quarreled with Moses, demanding water, and Moses asked why they tested Yahweh. Their demand revealed distrust of God's care.

Overview

Israel's quarrel turns need into accusation, treating their leader as the source of their trouble. Moses discerns that contending with him is really putting God to the test, doubting his presence and goodness. This testing of God stands as a warning Scripture later repeats against hardening the heart in unbelief (Heb. 3:8-9).

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 28

  • Ps 78:18They tempted God in their heart by asking food according to their desire.
  • Ps 78:41They turned again and tempted God, and provoked the Holy One of Israel.
  • 1 Cor 10:9Let us not test Christ, as some of them tested, and perished by the serpents.
  • Deut 6:16You shall not tempt Yahweh your God, as you tempted him in Massah.
  • Heb 3:9where your fathers tested me by proving me, and saw my deeds for forty years.
  • Isa 7:12But Ahaz said, “I will not ask, neither will I tempt Yahweh.”
  • Matt 4:7Jesus said to him, “Again, it is written, ‘You shall not test the Lord, your God.’”
  • Ps 95:9when your fathers tempted me, tested me, and saw my work.
  • Acts 15:10Now therefore why do you tempt God, that you should put a yoke on the neck of the disciples which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?
  • Num 20:2–5There was no water for the congregation; and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.
  • Num 21:5The people spoke against God, and against Moses, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? For there is no bread, and there is no water; and our soul loathes this light bread.”
  • Mal 3:15Now we call the proud happy; yes, those who work wickedness are built up; yes, they tempt God, and escape.’
  • Acts 5:9But Peter asked her, “How is it that you have agreed together to tempt the Spirit of the Lord? Behold, the feet of those who have buried your husband are at the door, and they will carry you out.”
  • Ps 78:56Yet they tempted and rebelled against the Most High God, and didn’t keep his testimonies;
  • Exod 14:11–12They said to Moses, “Because there were no graves in Egypt, have you taken us away to die in the wilderness? Why have you treated us this way, to bring us out of Egypt?
  • Ps 106:14but gave in to craving in the desert, and tested God in the wasteland.
  • Num 14:22because all those men who have seen my glory, and my signs, which I worked in Egypt and in the wilderness, yet have tempted me these ten times, and have not listened to my voice;
  • Luke 4:12Jesus answering, said to him, “It has been said, ‘You shall not tempt the Lord your God.’”
  • Exod 17:7He called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because the children of Israel quarreled, and because they tested Yahweh, saying, “Is Yahweh among us, or not?”
  • Exod 15:24The people murmured against Moses, saying, “What shall we drink?”
  • Exod 16:2–3The whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron in the wilderness;
  • Luke 15:12The younger of them said to his father, ‘Father, give me my share of your property.’ He divided his livelihood between them.
  • 1 Sam 8:6But the thing displeased Samuel, when they said, “Give us a king to judge us.” Samuel prayed to Yahweh.
  • Num 11:4–6The mixed multitude that was among them lusted exceedingly: and the children of Israel also wept again, and said, “Who will give us meat to eat?
  • Exod 5:21and they said to them, “May Yahweh look at you, and judge, because you have made us a stench to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to kill us.”
  • Matt 16:1–3The Pharisees and Sadducees came, and testing him, asked him to show them a sign from heaven.
  • Num 14:2All the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron. The whole congregation said to them, “We wish that we had died in the land of Egypt, or that we had died in this wilderness!
  • Gen 30:1–2When Rachel saw that she bore Jacob no children, Rachel envied her sister. She said to Jacob, “Give me children, or else I will die.”

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (8)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — Exodus videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on Exodus 17:2YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on ExodusMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

The Passover lamb whose blood turns away death, the exodus through the sea, the manna, the rock, and the tabernacle where God dwells with his people all foreshadow Jesus — our Passover, our redemption, the bread from heaven, and God-with-us in the flesh.

How Exodus 17:2 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Hebrew word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.