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The people of Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand on the seashore, and they were eating and drinking and rejoicing.
1 Kings 4:20 · Berean Standard Bible
Parallel translations
  • WEB Judah and Israel were numerous as the sand which is by the sea in multitude, eating and drinking and making merry.
  • KJV Judah and Israel were many, as the sand which is by the sea in multitude, eating and drinking, and making merry.
  • NKJV Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand by the sea in multitude, eating and drinking and rejoicing.
  • NASB Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand that is on the seashore in abundance; they were eating, drinking, and rejoicing.
  • NLT The people of Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand on the seashore. They were very contented, with plenty to eat and drink.

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations taken from the (NASB®) New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. All rights reserved. lockman.org

Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

Quick answer

Judah and Israel were as numerous as sand by the sea, living in contentment. This signals the fulfillment of God's covenant promise to Abraham.

Overview

The likeness to the sand directly echoes God's pledge to multiply Abraham's offspring (Genesis 22:17). 'Eating and drinking and making merry' pictures the peace and joy of Solomon's golden age. This high point of Old Testament blessing foreshadows the greater rest and fullness found in Christ, in whom Abraham's true offspring is gathered.

Cross-references & the web

Cross-references · 16

  • 1 Kgs 3:8Your servant is here among the people You have chosen, a people too numerous to count or number.
  • Gen 22:17I will surely bless you, and I will multiply your descendants like the stars in the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will possess the gates of their enemies.
  • Gen 32:12But You have said, ‘I will surely make you prosper, and I will make your offspring like the sand of the sea, too numerous to count.’”
  • Prov 14:28A large population is a king’s splendor, but a lack of subjects is a prince’s ruin.
  • Mic 4:4And each man will sit under his own vine and under his own fig tree, with no one to frighten him. For the mouth of the LORD of Hosts has spoken.
  • Acts 2:46With one accord they continued to meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of heart,
  • Zech 9:15The LORD of Hosts will shield them. They will destroy and conquer with slingstones; they will drink and roar as with wine. And they will be filled like sprinkling bowls, drenched like the corners of the altar.
  • Ps 72:3–7May the mountains bring peace to the people, and the hills bring righteousness.
  • 1 Chr 12:39They spent three days there eating and drinking with David, for their relatives had provided for them.
  • Job 1:18While he was still speaking, another messenger came and reported: “Your sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine in their oldest brother’s house,
  • 1 Sam 30:16So he led David down, and there were the Amalekites spread out over all the land, eating, drinking, and celebrating the great amount of plunder they had taken from the land of the Philistines and the land of Judah.
  • Zech 3:10On that day, declares the LORD of Hosts, you will each invite your neighbor to sit under your own vine and fig tree.’”
  • Isa 22:13But look, there is joy and gladness, butchering of cattle and slaughtering of sheep, eating of meat and drinking of wine: “Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die!”
  • Gen 15:5And the LORD took him outside and said, “Now look to the heavens and count the stars, if you are able.” Then He told him, “So shall your offspring be.”
  • Eccl 2:24Nothing is better for a man than to eat and drink and enjoy his work. I have also seen that this is from the hand of God.
  • Gen 13:16I will make your offspring like the dust of the earth, so that if one could count the dust of the earth, then your offspring could be counted.

Themes, concepts, people & topics

Topics (2)

Resources, by level

Commentaries & study tools

  • VideoBibleProject — 1 Kings videosBibleProject · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Free animated overview and word-study videos for this book.

  • VideoWatch teaching on 1 Kings 4:20YouTube · Lay · Free

    Sermons and teaching on this passage from across YouTube.

  • CommentaryEnduring Word — verse-by-verseDavid Guzik · Lay · Free · evangelical

    Clear, readable, conservative exposition — the best free place to start on any passage.

  • CommentaryClassic commentaries for this verseBibleHub (20+ works) · Pastoral · Free

    Matthew Henry, Barnes, Gill, the Pulpit Commentary, Ellicott, Cambridge, and more — stacked on one page for this exact verse.

  • CommentaryMatthew Henry on 1 KingsMatthew Henry · Pastoral · Free · evangelical

    The beloved Puritan exposition of this whole book — warm, devotional, and verse by verse (free, CCEL).

  • ReferenceInterlinear, lexicon & Strong'sBlue Letter Bible · Seminary · Free

    Hebrew/Greek interlinear, word definitions, and cross-references for this verse.

Christ at the center

Solomon's glory, wisdom, and temple where God's presence dwells are a shadow of the greater Son of David — 'one greater than Solomon is here' — and of the true Temple, Christ himself.

How 1 Kings 4:20 points to him is part of the one story that runs through all Scripture — meet Jesus at the heart of the web, or follow a trail that traces him from Genesis to Revelation.

Original language

Each word below is tagged with its Strong’s number — tap one to see the underlying Hebrew word, its meaning, and every verse that uses it.